Look for the date(s) you have missed in class. Any handouts or assignments given will be posted below.
December 3- December 7, 2012
Atomic Theory Menu Project MENU PLANNER
Menu for: ATOMIC THEORY Due: ________________________
Appetizers (Select Two)
1. Write the 5 parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory and identify which statements of his theory are no longer supported.
2. Create a timeline that illustrates or discusses the history of the atomic theory.
3. Draw the Bohr Models and Electron Dot Structures for the first 10 elements on the periodic table.
4. Write the steps to calculating the average atomic mass. Create 5 problems and solve them.
Main Course (Select One)
1. Create a 3D model of an atom. Be sure to label parts of the atom.
2. Write a one-page essay that discusses the experimental evidence, which led from one model of the atom to the next from Dalton to Thomson to Rutherford to Bohr.
3. Create a lesson plan that you could use to teach a class of 3rd graders the parts of the atom, ions and isotopes.
4. Create a presentation on Google Docs that explains the atomic theory (the parts of the atom), ions and isotopes.
Desserts (Select One)
1. Compose a poem or song that describes the atomic theory (the parts of the atom), ions and isotopes.
2. Create a comic that illustrates the atomic theory (the parts of the atom), ions and isotopes.
Menu for: ATOMIC THEORY Due: ________________________
Appetizers (Select Two)
1. Write the 5 parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory and identify which statements of his theory are no longer supported.
2. Create a timeline that illustrates or discusses the history of the atomic theory.
3. Draw the Bohr Models and Electron Dot Structures for the first 10 elements on the periodic table.
4. Write the steps to calculating the average atomic mass. Create 5 problems and solve them.
Main Course (Select One)
1. Create a 3D model of an atom. Be sure to label parts of the atom.
2. Write a one-page essay that discusses the experimental evidence, which led from one model of the atom to the next from Dalton to Thomson to Rutherford to Bohr.
3. Create a lesson plan that you could use to teach a class of 3rd graders the parts of the atom, ions and isotopes.
4. Create a presentation on Google Docs that explains the atomic theory (the parts of the atom), ions and isotopes.
Desserts (Select One)
1. Compose a poem or song that describes the atomic theory (the parts of the atom), ions and isotopes.
2. Create a comic that illustrates the atomic theory (the parts of the atom), ions and isotopes.
December 10, 2012
1. Create a concept map with you as the subject. See example below of Ms. Johnson's Concept Map. Include at least 3 categories.
2. Create a concept map of the periodic table. There are no right or wrong answers at this point. We will learn more this week and after break, we will create the periodic table concept map again for a quiz grade.
2. Create a concept map of the periodic table. There are no right or wrong answers at this point. We will learn more this week and after break, we will create the periodic table concept map again for a quiz grade.
December 10, 2012
Periodic Table Notes
History
Dmitri Mendeleev created the Periodic Table
What is the PERIODIC TABLE?
Shows all known elements in the universe.
Organizes the elements by chemical properties.
What is an ELEMENT?
A substance composed of a single kind of atom.
Cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical or physical means.
How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element using the periodic table?
# of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER
# of ELECTRONS = # of PROTONS
# of NEUTRONS = MASS NUMBER minus ATOMIC NUMBER
PERIODIC TABLE FACTS
Key to the Periodic Table
What’s in a square?
›Different periodic tables can include various bits of information, but usually:
Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)
Valence Electrons
3 Categories of Elements
Properties of Metals
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Metals are shiny.
Metals are ductile (can be stretched into thin wires).
Metals are malleable (can be pounded into thin sheets).
A chemical property of metal is its reaction with water which results in corrosion.
Properties of Non-Metals
Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-metals are not ductile or malleable.
Solid non-metals are brittle and break easily.
They are dull.
Many non-metals are gases.
Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids (metal-like) have properties of both metals and non-metals.
They are solids that can be shiny or dull.
They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals.
They are ductile and malleable.
Classifying The Elements
Elements are grouped into families/groups. These are the columns (that run vertically up and down the table).
Elements can also be grouped into periods. These are the rows (that run horizontally left and right across the table).
The following are families/groups:
Hydrogen (in a class by itself) 1 Valence Electron
Alkali Metals 1 Valence Electron
Alkaline Earth Metals 2 Valence Electrons
Transition Metals 1 or 2 Valence Electrons
Boron Family 3 Valence Electrons
Carbon Family 4 Valence Electrons
Nitrogen Family 5 Valence Electrons
Oxygen Family 6 Valence Electrons
Halogens 7 Valence Electrons
Noble Gases 8 (Octet)
*Note that Noble gases do not need additional electrons to complete their outermost shell. They are very happy and very stable.
History
Dmitri Mendeleev created the Periodic Table
What is the PERIODIC TABLE?
Shows all known elements in the universe.
Organizes the elements by chemical properties.
What is an ELEMENT?
A substance composed of a single kind of atom.
Cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical or physical means.
How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element using the periodic table?
# of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER
# of ELECTRONS = # of PROTONS
# of NEUTRONS = MASS NUMBER minus ATOMIC NUMBER
PERIODIC TABLE FACTS
- The periodic table organizes the elements in a particular way. A great deal of information about an element can be gathered from its position in the period table.
- For example, you can predict with reasonably good accuracy the physical and chemical properties of the element. You can also predict what other elements a particular element will react with chemically.
- Understanding the organization and plan of the periodic table will help you obtain basic information about each of the 118 known elements.
Key to the Periodic Table
- Elements are organized on the table according to their atomic number, usually found near the top of the square.
- The atomic number refers to how many protons an atom of that element has.
- For instance, hydrogen has 1 proton, so it’s atomic number is 1.
- The atomic number is unique to that element. No two elements have the same atomic number.
What’s in a square?
›Different periodic tables can include various bits of information, but usually:
- atomic number
- symbol
- atomic mass
Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)
- ›The unit of measurement for an atom is an AMU. It stands for atomic mass unit.
- ›One AMU is equal to the mass of one proton.
- ›There are 6 X 10 to the 23 or 600,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 amus in one gram
Valence Electrons
- ›The number of valence electrons an atom has may also appear in a square.
- ›Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom.
- ›These are the electrons that are transferred or shared when atoms bond together.
3 Categories of Elements
- Metals
- Non-Metals
- Metalloids
Properties of Metals
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Metals are shiny.
Metals are ductile (can be stretched into thin wires).
Metals are malleable (can be pounded into thin sheets).
A chemical property of metal is its reaction with water which results in corrosion.
Properties of Non-Metals
Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-metals are not ductile or malleable.
Solid non-metals are brittle and break easily.
They are dull.
Many non-metals are gases.
Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids (metal-like) have properties of both metals and non-metals.
They are solids that can be shiny or dull.
They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals.
They are ductile and malleable.
Classifying The Elements
Elements are grouped into families/groups. These are the columns (that run vertically up and down the table).
Elements can also be grouped into periods. These are the rows (that run horizontally left and right across the table).
The following are families/groups:
Hydrogen (in a class by itself) 1 Valence Electron
Alkali Metals 1 Valence Electron
Alkaline Earth Metals 2 Valence Electrons
Transition Metals 1 or 2 Valence Electrons
Boron Family 3 Valence Electrons
Carbon Family 4 Valence Electrons
Nitrogen Family 5 Valence Electrons
Oxygen Family 6 Valence Electrons
Halogens 7 Valence Electrons
Noble Gases 8 (Octet)
*Note that Noble gases do not need additional electrons to complete their outermost shell. They are very happy and very stable.
December 12- 14, 2012
Color in each family/group of the blank periodic table below: Hydrogen, Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, Boron Family, Carbon Family, Nitrogen Family, Oxygen Family, Halogens, Noble Gases and Rare Earth Metals. Be sure to create a key (or legend), so that each color corresponds to a different group.
December 12 - 14, 2012
Unit Vocabulary
Look up and define the following 20 terms. Note: Five have been defined for you.
1. Periodic Law
2. Valence Electron
3. Group
4. Period
5. Electron Shielding
6. Bond Radius
7. Electronegativity
8. Octet Rule
9. Ion
10. Cation
11. Anion
12. Orbital
13. VSEPR Theory
14. Electron Configuration
15. Polyatomic Ions
16. Ionization Energy: The energy required for an atom to gain/lose electrons
17. Periodic Trends: Any atomic characteristic that can be identified based on an element's location on the Periodic Table
18. Law of Octaves: Every 8 elements, characteristics repeat
19. Valence Shell: The outermost layers of electrons in an atom (farthest from the nucleus).
20. Ionic Bonds: A bond between two ions, in which an electron is donated by the anion and accepted by the cation
Look up and define the following 20 terms. Note: Five have been defined for you.
1. Periodic Law
2. Valence Electron
3. Group
4. Period
5. Electron Shielding
6. Bond Radius
7. Electronegativity
8. Octet Rule
9. Ion
10. Cation
11. Anion
12. Orbital
13. VSEPR Theory
14. Electron Configuration
15. Polyatomic Ions
16. Ionization Energy: The energy required for an atom to gain/lose electrons
17. Periodic Trends: Any atomic characteristic that can be identified based on an element's location on the Periodic Table
18. Law of Octaves: Every 8 elements, characteristics repeat
19. Valence Shell: The outermost layers of electrons in an atom (farthest from the nucleus).
20. Ionic Bonds: A bond between two ions, in which an electron is donated by the anion and accepted by the cation
December 17, 2012
PBS/NOVA's Hunting the Elements Assignment and Questions
Watch approximately the first 35 minutes of PBS/NOVA's 'Hunting the Elements' and answer the following questions. You can either click on the image above or click here.
1. The video shows just how difficult it is to extract gold from the ground. List a few facts to prove just how rare this really is.
2. How can copper be so important to our world?
3. How can you make copper more rigid (harder)?
4. What did David see when he looked at the atoms of the bronze sample?
5. Can he see the interior (inside) the atom?
1. The video shows just how difficult it is to extract gold from the ground. List a few facts to prove just how rare this really is.
2. How can copper be so important to our world?
3. How can you make copper more rigid (harder)?
4. What did David see when he looked at the atoms of the bronze sample?
5. Can he see the interior (inside) the atom?
December 19, 2012
Element Brochure Assignment: Start by choosing an element to research.
Your Task: To create a brochure that will help to sell your element. You will start by researching information about your element using the internet.
COVER should include
• The element name
• The element symbol
INSIDE should include:
Atomic Number:
Atomic Mass:
Melting Point:
Boiling Point:
Number of Protons/Electrons:
Number of Neutrons:
Group It Belongs to on Periodic Table
Crystal Structure:
Density @ 293 K:
Color:
Uses:
Date Discovered:
Who Discovered this element?:
How was it named:
What is its natural state
Cost:
Why Should I Buy Your Element?
When creating your brochure, you must address the following writing prompts:
• What are the uses of your element?
• How will you convince someone that they need your element?
• Are there any characteristics of your element that might make it more marketable? (ex. Strong, a certain color, slippery, sticky, conducts electricity)
• Does your element bond well with other elements?
•
Here’s an idea for how to start your paragraphs.
Hello, here at (Name of company) we are committed to selling (Name of Element). Our element has many uses including _______________. It is also used for _________________.
(Name of element) has many interesting characteristics. For example, (Name of element) is very (Characteristic). That means you can use it for ________________.
On the back cover include:
Your name and the name of your printer/publisher (use your imagination)
Remember to check over your brochure after you have finished it.
Check for the following:
• Is the brochure neat and easy to read?
• Is all the required information there?
• Are spelling and grammar correct?
• Is the brochure colorful? Will the reader want to pick up your brochure and read it?
• Can you add any finishing touches to your brochure to improve it?
Remember to check all your facts.
Is there anything you can add to improve your brochure?
Be creative . . . Have fun!
Due 01/03/2013